云主机博士

一、使用更新源的国内镜像

CentOS 安装完毕，首先应该修改更新源，并升级到最新的系统。
国内速度较快的常用更新源：

http://centos.ustc.edu.cn/centos/
http://mirrors.163.com/centos/
http://mirrors.sohu.com/centos/

首先备份CentOS-Base.repo，然后再编辑 yum 的配置文件：
[piaoyun@piaoyun-pc ~]$sudo cp /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo.bak [piaoyun@piaoyun-pc ~]$ sudo vi /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo

[base]
name=CentOS-releasever - Base
mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=releasever−Basemirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=releasever&arch=ParseError: KaTeX parse error: Expected 'EOF', got '&' at position 9: basearch&̲repo=os
baseurl…releasever/os/basearch/
http://centos.ustc.edu.cn/centos/basearch/http://centos.ustc.edu.cn/centos/releasever/os/basearch/
http://mirrors.163.com/centos/basearch/http://mirrors.163.com/centos/releasever/os/basearch/
http://mirrors.sohu.com/centos/basearch/http://mirrors.sohu.com/centos/releasever/os/ParseError: KaTeX parse error: Expected 'EOF', got '#' at position 83: …-KEY-CentOS-5

#̲released update…releasever - Updates
mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=ParseError: KaTeX parse error: Expected 'EOF', got '&' at position 11: releasever&̲arch=basearch&repo=updates
baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/releasever/updates/releasever/updates/basearch/
http://centos.ustc.edu.cn/centos/releasever/updates/releasever/updates/basearch/
http://mirrors.163.com/centos/releasever/updates/releasever/updates/basearch/
http://mirrors.sohu.com/centos/releasever/updates/releasever/updates/basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5

#packages used/produced in the build but not released
[addons]
name=CentOS-releasever - Addons
mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=releasever−Addonsmirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=releasever&arch=ParseError: KaTeX parse error: Expected 'EOF', got '&' at position 9: basearch&̲repo=addons
bas…releasever/addons/basearch/
http://centos.ustc.edu.cn/centos/basearch/http://centos.ustc.edu.cn/centos/releasever/addons/basearch/
http://mirrors.163.com/centos/basearch/http://mirrors.163.com/centos/releasever/addons/basearch/
http://mirrors.sohu.com/centos/basearch/http://mirrors.sohu.com/centos/releasever/addons/ParseError: KaTeX parse error: Expected 'EOF', got '#' at position 83: …-KEY-CentOS-5

#̲additional pack…releasever - Extras
mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=ParseError: KaTeX parse error: Expected 'EOF', got '&' at position 11: releasever&̲arch=basearch&repo=extras
baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/releasever/extras/releasever/extras/basearch/
http://centos.ustc.edu.cn/centos/releasever/extras/releasever/extras/basearch/
http://mirrors.163.com/centos/releasever/extras/releasever/extras/basearch/
http://mirrors.sohu.com/centos/releasever/extras/releasever/extras/basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5

#additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages
[centosplus]
name=CentOS-releasever - Plus
mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=releasever−Plusmirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=releasever&arch=ParseError: KaTeX parse error: Expected 'EOF', got '&' at position 9: basearch&̲repo=centosplus…releasever/centosplus/basearch/
http://centos.ustc.edu.cn/centos/basearch/http://centos.ustc.edu.cn/centos/releasever/centosplus/basearch/
http://mirrors.163.com/centos/basearch/http://mirrors.163.com/centos/releasever/extras/basearch/
http://mirrors.sohu.com/centos/basearch/http://mirrors.sohu.com/centos/releasever/extras/ParseError: KaTeX parse error: Expected 'EOF', got '#' at position 93: …-KEY-CentOS-5

#̲contrib - packa…releasever - Contrib
mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=ParseError: KaTeX parse error: Expected 'EOF', got '&' at position 11: releasever&̲arch=basearch&repo=contrib
baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/releasever/contrib/releasever/contrib/basearch/
http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/centos/releasever/contrib/releasever/contrib/basearch/
http://mirrors.163.com/centos/releasever/extras/releasever/extras/basearch/
http://mirrors.sohu.com/centos/releasever/extras/releasever/extras/basearch/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5

repositoryid:用于指定一个仓库
name：用于指定易读的仓库名称
baseurl：用于指定本仓库的URL，可以是以下的3种类型，如http,ftp,file
mirrorlist：用于指定仓库的镜像站点
enable：用于指定是否使用本仓库，默认值为1，即可用。
gpgcheck：用于指定是否检查软件包的GPG签名。
gpgkey：用于指定GPG签名文件的URL。

执行命令：
[piaoyun@piaoyun-pc ~]$ sudo rpm --import /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY*

二、使用非官方更新源

下面以安装rpmforge和DAG软件包为例添加非官方更新源

I、添加rmpforge软件库
1）到http://dag.wieers.com/rpm/packages/rpmforge-release/查找适用于RHEL5/CentOS5的软件包。

2）下载适用于RHEL5/CentOS5的软件包。
[piaoyun@piaoyun-pc ~]$sudo wget http://dag.wieers.com/rpm/packages/rpmforge-release/rpmforge-release-0.3.6-1.el5.rf.i386.rpm [piaoyun@piaoyun-pc ~]$ sudo rpm -ivh rpmforge-release-0.3.6-1.el5.rf.i386.rpm
[piaoyun@piaoyun-pc ~]$ sudo rpm --import /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-rpmforge-*

安装rpmforge-release软件包之后，就可以看到/etc/yum.repos.d/rpmforge.repo文件，以后yum就可以使用这个更新源了。

三、使用如下命令更新到最新系统：

yum check-update
yum -y update
yum upgrade

使用yum update更新时，默认会升级内核。但有些服务器硬件（特别是组装的机器）在升级内核后，新的内核可能会认不出某些硬件，要重新安装驱动，很麻烦。所以在生产环境中不要轻易的升级内核，除非你确定升级内核后不会出现麻烦的问题。

CentOS使用yum update升级时，默认包含升级内核！比如从CentOS 6.2升级到CentOS 6.4
如果不想升级内核而只更新其他软件包，有两种方法：
1、修改yum的配置文件 vim /etc/yum.conf，在[main]的最后添加

exclude=kernel* centos-release*

2、直接在yum的命令后面加上如下的参数：

yum --exclude=kernel* centos-release* update

四、安装必要的软件工具

yum -y install --skip-broken yum-fastestmirror build-essential gcc gcc-c++ bzip2 make vixie-cron flex ncurses-devel wget patch ntp libxml2 libxml2-devel libevent m4 autoconf zip unzip libjpeg libjpeg-devel gd gd-devel freetype freetype-devel libpng libpng-devel openssl openssl-devel file libtool libtool-libs libtool-ltdl-devel gmp-devel pspell-devel parted zlib mod_perl-devel ftp readline-devel apr apr-util curl-devel pam pam-devel lynx libmcrypt-devel libmhash-devel sudo glibc glibc-devel perl perl*

宝塔服务器面板，一键全能部署及管理，送你3188元礼包，点我领取